Back pain and sciatica are often confused, and it's easy to see why. Both can cause discomfort in the lower back and both can leave you struggling to get through a normal day. But they're not the same thing, and understanding the difference matters because the treatment approach for each is different.

What is general back pain?

Back pain refers to discomfort located in the lower, mid, or upper back. It's usually caused by muscle strain, poor posture, or mechanical stress on the joints and discs of the spine. It tends to stay in the back and doesn't travel far down the leg.

Common signs of general back pain:

• Aching or stiffness in the lower or mid back

• Pain that eases with movement or heat

• Discomfort after prolonged sitting or standing

• No numbness or tingling in the legs

What is sciatica?

Sciatica is specifically caused by irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve. The key feature that distinguishes it from ordinary back pain is that the pain travels, typically from the lower back or buttock down the back of one leg, sometimes as far as the foot.

Common signs of sciatica:

• Pain that radiates from the lower back into the buttock and leg

• Tingling, pins and needles, or numbness in the leg or foot

• Weakness in the leg or difficulty lifting the foot

• Symptoms on one side of the body only

• Pain that worsens when sitting, sneezing, or coughing

Can you have both at the same time?

Yes, and many people do. Sciatica often accompanies lower back pain, particularly when a disc problem or spinal degeneration is the underlying cause. This is why an accurate diagnosis matters so much before starting treatment.

How does an osteopath tell the difference?

At JMK Osteopathy in Sheffield, the first appointment always begins with a thorough assessment. Josh will take a detailed history of your symptoms, carry out a physical examination, and where necessary refer for imaging such as an MRI. From there, a personalised treatment plan is put together based on what's actually causing your pain, not just where it hurts.

Understanding whether you're dealing with sciatica, general back pain, or a combination of both means treatment can be targeted, more effective, and less likely to result in the pain coming back.

Not sure what you're dealing with? Book an assessment in Sheffield

JMK Osteopathy sees patients from across Sheffield and surrounding areas including Rotherham, Dronfield, and Chesterfield, at clinics in Beauchief (S8) and Todwick (S26).

Book Your Appointment